Functions that return character strings

Functions that return character strings	Description	Example
`CHR`	Converts an ASCII code to a one-character string	`CHR(67)` returns `C`
`CURRENT_USER`	Returns the sign-in ID specified at connect time
`DAYNAME`	Returns the name of the day that corresponds to a specified date
`RTRIM`	Removes trailing blanks from a string	`RTRIM(' ABC ')` returns `' ABC'`
`TRIM`	Removes leading and trailing blanks from a string	`TRIM(' ABC ')` returns `'ABC'`
`LTRIM`	Removes leading blanks from a string	`LTRIM(' ABC')` returns `'ABC'`
`UPPER`	Changes each letter of a string to uppercase	`UPPER('Allen')` returns `'ALLEN'`
`LOWER`	Changes each letter of a string to lowercase	`LOWER('Allen')` returns `'allen'`
`LEFT`	Returns leftmost characters of a string	`LEFT('Mattson',3)` returns `'Mat'`
`MONTHNAME`	Returns the names of the calendar month
`RIGHT`	Returns rightmost characters of a string	`RIGHT('Mattson',4)` returns `'tson'`
`SUBSTR` `SUBSTRING`	Returns a substring of a string, with parameters of the string, the first character to extract, and the number of characters to extract (optional)	`SUBSTR('Conrad',2,3)` returns `'onr' SUBSTR('Conrad',2)` returns `'onrad'`
`SPACE`	Generates a string of blanks	`SPACE(5)` returns `' '`
`STRVAL`	Converts a value of any type to a character string	`STRVAL('Woltman')` returns `'Woltman' STRVAL(5 * 3)` returns `'15' STRVAL(4 = 5)` returns `'False' STRVAL(DATE '2028-12-25')` returns `'2028-12-25'`
`TIME` `TIMEVAL`	Returns the time of day as a string	At 9:49 PM, `TIME()` returns `21:49:00`
`USERNAME` `USER`	Returns the sign-in ID specified at connect time

Note The TIME() function is deprecated. Use the SQL standard CURRENT_TIME instead.

Examples

Copy

SELECT CHR(67) + SPACE(1) + CHR(70) FROM Salespeople

SELECT RTRIM(' ' + Salespeople.Salesperson_ID) AS agg FROM Salespeople

SELECT TRIM(SPACE(1) + Salespeople.Salesperson_ID) AS agg FROM Salespeople

SELECT LTRIM(' ' + Salespeople.Salesperson_ID) AS agg FROM Salespeople

SELECT UPPER(Salespeople.Salesperson) AS agg FROM Salespeople

SELECT LOWER(Salespeople.Salesperson) AS agg FROM Salespeople

SELECT LEFT(Salespeople.Salesperson, 5) AS agg FROM Salespeople

SELECT RIGHT(Salespeople.Salesperson, 7) AS agg FROM Salespeople

SELECT SUBSTR(Salespeople.Salesperson_ID, 2, 2) + 
   SUBSTR(Salespeople.Salesperson_ID, 4, 2) AS agg FROM Salespeople

SELECT SUBSTR(Salespeople.Salesperson_ID, 2) + 
   SUBSTR(Salespeople.Salesperson_ID, 4) AS agg FROM Salespeople

SELECT SPACE(2) + Salespeople.Salesperson_ID AS Salesperson_ID FROM Salespeople

SELECT STRVAL('60506') AS agg FROM Sales_Data WHERE Sales_Data.Invoice = 1